Undoubtedly, plastics are important in day-to-day life because of their longevity (mechanical properties, thermal properties, stability, and durability), resistance to decomposition, and low cost, which support their widespread applicability. Nowadays, it is fair to say plastics can be regarded as a sweet poison for both humans and the environment. The thrust of this review is to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the development status of techniques and approaches to overcome the global issue of plastic pollution and the outlook on the exploitation of this waste as resources. In addition, it is important to develop an understanding of factors that need to be emphasized while considering alternative approaches and opportunities to cash plastic waste (like adsorbent, clothing, waste to energy and fuel). Substantial evidence can be observed in the reduction of plastic pollution from various ecosystems. These fields include the synthesis of adsorbents for the removal of pollutants from aqueous and gaseous stream, their utility in clothing, waste to energy and fuel and in construction (road making). Nevertheless, in addition to the reduction of plastic waste from the ecosystem, many alternative opportunities have also been explored to cash plastic waste. Moreover, substantial advantages and challenges associated with these techniques and approaches are highlighted to develop an understanding of the selection of possible ways for a sustainable future. Many techniques, such as adsorption, coagulation, photocatalysis, and microbial degradation, and approaches like reduction, reuse and recycling are potentially in trend and differ from each other in their efficiency and interaction mechanism. The present review summarizes currently reported techniques and approaches for the removal of plastic waste.

Consequently, plastic entres the food chain and can cause serious health issues in aquatic animals and humans. Excessive exploitation, negligence, non-degradable nature, and physical and chemical properties of plastic waste have resulted in a massive pollution load into the environment.

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